DRAFT: Feeding the World (Running Title)

03 Apr DRAFT: Feeding the World (Running Title)

Outline:

The film is an investigation into food demand of the future, the driving factors for the increased demand and an exploration into the technology that has the potential to help us meet them. For this demand to be met, it requires drastic change along the entire line of production. Because of this, the film is separated into 6 parts:

Intro: This section is an introduction to the topic, detailing current estimates for increasing food demand over the next 30 years, what are the driving factors for this increase (increasing population, shifts in dietary habits due to economic development) and what are the challenges that we face in meeting demand using current agricultural methods (climate change, shifting demographics resulting in loss of labour within the sector).

Food Waste: In this section, I address the issue of food waste and why massive change to current systems of farming and distribution is required for us to ensure future food security. I introduce the topic by giving data on the amount of food that is wasted. My expert interview for this section is a representative from the biotech start-up Apeel Sciences. They have produced a plant based edible spray coating for fresh produce that dramatically slows the rate of spoilage, meaning that less food is wasted both by distributors and consumers. Another start-up that I would like to speak with is the Sweden based Karma. The company have produced an app that allows consumers to buy unsold food from restaurants and supermarkets at half the normal price where it usually be thrown away.

Hydroponics: In this portion of the film, I begin by explaining the utility of hydroponic technology; how it allows for food to be grown within inner cities, strengthens food security by allowing growers to have full control over crop health as they are protected from risk factors like climate change or disease and how it eradicates the need for transportation of fresh produce which in turn dramatically reduces its carbon footprint. My expert interview for this section is a representative from the London based hydroponics facility Growing Underground. They have granted access to film their underground farm in Clapham Common and to speak with a member of the team about the technology and the role that hydroponics will play in producing the food of the future.

Agricultural Automation: I will begin this section by discussing the reasons why a shift to automation within the agricultural sector will be vital in the future, not only due to the increased demand for produce but due also to factors such as shifting population demographics leading to loss of the labour workforce and rising global temperatures making prolonged field work unsafe. My expert interview for this section will be with a representative from the agri-tech start up Small Robot Company, which have developed a number of autonomous farming robots that are able to plant, monitor and harvest crops many times more efficiently than human workers can. I plan on speaking to them about what the technology could mean for the agriculture sector (loss of jobs, what does it mean to be a ‘farmer’ with this tech) and what the companies vision for the future is.

Cultured Meat: This sections begins with me giving some background into the environmental impacts of animal agriculture and how demand for animal products is rising due to shifting consumer habits based on economic development. My two expert interviews for this section are with a representative from the research institute New Harvest and a representative from Bath University’s Chemical Engineering Department. New Harvest is a donor-funded non-profit organisation that funds research into cellular agriculture, focusing on the production of cultured animal products. The University of Bath is one of the recipients of this funding. They are working on the scaling up of production of lab grown meat, with the goal of making it widely available to consumers. I will be asking these both about the utility of lab grown meat, the science behind it, what public perception of the change is and what challenges they are facing in the scale up.

Conclusion: This portion of the film will be a brief summary of what I have learnt over the course of the film.

Key Points:

There are a number of factors that I will be considering when evaluating the efficacy of these technologies.

• Is the product sustainable?

• Can it be adopted across different levels of economic development?

• Can it be scaled up to be available to consumers globally?

• How susceptible to disruption is this technology?

Coronavirus:

Considering the current COVID-19 crisis, this film comes at a time where global food security is very much at risk, further emphasising the need for more durable and autonomous means of food production and distribution. The FAO recently released their report on the impact that COVID-19 has the potential to have on food and agriculture globally (http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/).

Given that it is so relevant to the topic, I will be referencing the crisis within the film and making a point out of how the application of these technologies may safeguard against future scenarios that could impact food security.

Automated farming would allow for food production to go on uninterrupted during this crisis, as it does not require human interaction. This would ensure that food security would be ensured if/when a crisis similar to this occurs in the future.

Another important point about this virus and many others in the same vein (SARS, MIRS, Avian Flu, Swine Flu, Ebola ect.) is that they are all zoonotic, meaning that they are passed from animal to human. The creation of all of these viruses are a result of animal agriculture. Research into cultured meat and animal products, if this technology is widely adopted, has the potential to vastly reduce/eliminate the risk of new diseases of this type being formed. This is a point of discussion that I plan to raise when speaking to the University of Bath.

Technicals:

Aspect Ratio: 16:9

Shot on Sony A73/Canon EOS // Audio captured on RodeMic Go

Font: I will be using variations of the Helvetica Neue font. Here are some examples:   

Documentary Style:

I plan to adhere to the ‘participatory style’ of documentary within this film. I will be an active participant in the film; appearing on camera, interacting with interviewees and relaying the information that I learn through my own perspective. My narration and pieces to camera will be the driving force behind the film, supplemented by my interactions with interviewees. The filmmakers that I will be pulling inspiration from are Michael Moore and Shane Smith (Vice), who tell a story through their own perception of the information and their interaction with the subject. The viewer will be following me, learning the facts as I do over the course of the film.

Given that this style traditionally requires ‘on location’/in person access to my interviewees, the formula will have to be adapted given that I will be self isolating during the production of the film. Because of this, I will be incorporating elements of “expository documentary”, often referred to as ‘essay documentary”. Expository documentaries are the most common form, where the topic of the film is heavily researched and is focused on educating the viewer on something they do not know. Films of this type predominantly do not present the film from the filmmakers perspective and consist mainly of delivering the information from a ‘voice of god’ narration. What I will be pulling from this style is my delivery of information that I would have originally depended on my ‘in person’ access to provide. The film will be a split between the two styles, as I want the viewer to be presented with all the information, given that it covers scientific research that is unknown by most, while also making the film personal to me and my journey in learning about the topic.

To find a balance between the two, I will focus on making the bulk of the information that is presented in the film come not from me, but from my expert interviews. By doing this, I have a relationship with the viewer as we are both being educated on the topic together over the course of the film. My pieces to camera and my narration over found footage will largely be to either elaborate on things that my interviewees have said in more understandable language, or to give my take on the new information and how it relates to the topic of the film as a whole.

Example:

My vision for the film is to emulate a Vice style piece, taking inspiration from Shane Smith’s 2011 documentary series on North Korean Labour Camps. There are several elements from this film that I like and plan on following:

Tone: Although the topic of the piece is grave, due to the film being shown through the lens of Smiths personal interaction with the subject matter, it still manages to come across upbeat and humorous. This is what I would like to do with my film, discussing the subject with an optimistic and lighthearted tone. This is how I plan to stand apart from other reporting on the issue of food security which is often very serious.

Footage: The film has a good split between found footage and independent footage, supplemented with graphics. This use of found footage is used due to the difficulty of obtaining it independently otherwise. In the Vice doc this is because of the notorious difficulty of trying to document North Korea. In my case, I am unable to leave my house. Different barriers, same outcome. I will use the found footage (with permission) from the media banks of the respective companies to give visual representation of the technology discussed. Graphics are also going to play a role in visualising data within the doc.       

Audience: Vice Media produces content aimed at a millennial audience. They have been so successful in this by understanding that the target demographic engage much more with the idea of ‘storytelling’ rather than having information just presented to them. They also are shown to engage much more with a narrative that they can relate to. As we share the same target audience, I plan on taking on board some of these stylistic choices. In my presentation style, I want my personality to come through making it clear that I am the driver of the narrative. As I am part of the target demographic, I feel that by sharing my own feelings and opinions about the information that I learn, I can produce a film that is relatable and personable.

Rough Script Plan (Will change based on information gained from interviews)

Intro:

Food: It fuels our bodies, feeds our souls, changes the environment, inspires artists, influences politics, and impacts just about every part of our lives. Food is inseparable from the human experience.

We exist in a unique slice of human history. The modern developed world no longer is faced with the issue of scarcity but instead suffers from a “paradox of plenty”. However, this slice may be slimmer than we realise.

Over the last 100 years, the earth’s population has quadrupled. In 1915, there were 1.8 Billion people in the world. The dawn of the industrial revolution marked the birth of large scale

agriculture, which was in large part responsible for this dramatic population boom. Today, the worlds population sits around the staggering number of 7.6 Billion; according to recent estimates by the UN. If current growth predictions are correct, we may reach 9.7 Billion in the next 30 years.

Current estimations, accounting for modern dietary habits and rates of wastage, see food demand to increase anywhere between 59% to 98% by 2050. A daunting task, and one that requires massive innovation along the entire line of production.

Speak about the challenges that we face in increasing production (Climate change affecting the amounts of arable farmland, shifting demographics resulting in a loss of agricultural labour)

In this film, I will be exploring some of the bleeding edge technology that could change the way that we grow, distribute and consume food

An important factor to consider when evaluating the potential efficacy of these technologies is scalability. If we truly want to address the issue of global hunger, these new methods need to be able to be adopted across the world across a spectrum of levels of economic development. This will be something I evaluate in the course of this film.

Food Waste:

1.6 Billion tonnes of food is wasted each year. That equates to a third of all food produced globally. The land used to grow this wasted food makes up an area 58 times the size of the UK, or almost 3 times the size of the Amazon Rainforest.

In the book Food Foolish, authors John M. Mandyck and Eric B. Schultz translate that statistic into relatable terms:

“Imagine purchasing three bags of groceries. While driving home, toss half of one bag of food onto the road. That represents the loss that occurs during harvest, processing and distribution. Arrive home and immediately toss the other half of the bag into the trash. That’s the waste experienced by retailers and consumers.”

(This explanation will be acted out) Man walking out of a shop with three bags then proceeding to throw half a bag out the window of car, then half a bag when he returns home.

While producing more food is vital to meeting future food demands, making more efficient use of the food we already have is just as crucial.

A company that understands the importance of this task is Apeel Sciences. The Californian based tech start-up has developed an edible spray coating for fresh produce that promises to dramatically increase their shelf life and in turn dramatically reducing waste by both retailers and consumers

Expert Interview: Representative from Apeel Sciences

Points that I will cover in the interview:

• What is the goals of Apeel as a company and where did the idea for the technology come from
• An explanation of the science behind the spray
• What this spray means for wastage on both the distributer and consumer side
• Why is addressing global food waste so important for ensuring food security
• What are the current barriers to large scale adoption of this technology and what is companies vision for the future

Hydroponics:

This is dirt. Well soil actually. And although it may seem pretty unremarkable, it forms the foundation for every ecosystem on the planet. Without soil, life on earth would begin to disappear pretty quickly. And it’s under threat.

According to the UN, intensive mass scale agriculture is responsible for a loss of fertile soil at a rate of 24bn tonnes a year. If this current rate continues, environmental scientists predict we could completely run out of arable soil in 60 years.

While many organisations are focused on tackling the issue of soil degradation, agri-tech companies around the globe are looking to a future without the need for soil. This is through the method of hydroponics.

You may have already seen this technology elsewhere. NASA have been growing food using this technology on the ISS since the 80’s, with hydroponics set to feed the first colonies on Mars

Here on earth however, companies are turning their focus to scaling up production to be able to feed entire populations.

Thanet Earth is the UK’s largest hydroponics facility, spanning 220 acres over the Isle of Thanet in Kent, with the facility able to produce equal to roughly 12% of Britain’s entire annual production of salad vegetables.

((Increased yield and improved use of resources

The vertical farming industry is estimated to be worth up to $3 Billion by the year 2024.))

Expert Interview: Representative from Thanet Earth

Points that I will cover in the interview:

• The science behind hydroponic farming
• The type of produce that can be grown currently with hydroponic technology and what the company plans to grow in the future
• The current barriers to the scaling up of production
• The environmental benefits of hydroponic farming compared to traditional agriculture
• How hydroponics can be utilised to ensure future food security, considering the impact that climate change and loss of labour workforce is increasingly having on the agricultural industry as a whole.

Agricultural Automation:

The way that we grow food is ever changing. Throughout history, agriculture has been a primary driver for scientific advancement in order to address the needs of the times, from Roman Aqueducts to horse driven ploughs. And in 2020, this is truer than ever.

Statistics show that as countries develop economically, the percentage of the population that form the agricultural labour forces shrinks. When faced with the task of feeding an ever-expanding global population, this is a substantial obstacle and demands our means of production evolve.

Today, some of the most promising facets of this evolution has been the application of Artificial Intelligence, in a variety of ways, as an aid to traditional farming. These applications are numerous; from the use of robots programmed to harvest and maintain crop health, machine learning algorithms to detect soil defects or the use of satellites to predict weather and crop viability.

Tortuga Agtech, based in Denver Colorado, is a agricultural engeneering start up that has produced their own line of automated farming robots, able to complete the plant, maintain and harvest crops much more efficiently that their human counterparts with close to little guidanceEradicates the issue of transportation into cities, as crops can be grown anywhere with the capacity to store a facility. Food can be grown in densely populated towns and cities where land is scarce.

Expert Interview: Representative from Tortuga AgTech

Here are some of the points that I would like to cover:

• How Tortuga came to be and what are the goals of the company?
• What are some examples of the technology and software that Tortuga have developed?
• The benefits of an automated farming system compared to traditional labour, considering factors such as declining labour workforce in the sector and climate change.
• What steps Tortuga has taken to ensure their harvest technology is sustainable and to minimise its environmental impact?
• What Tortuga’s vision for the future is? Will manual labour in agriculture become a thing of the past; and if so, when do you predict we will begin to see large scale adoption of autonomous technology?

Cultured Meat:

We are a planet of meat lovers. Scientists theory that our love of meat dates back over 1.8 million years when early man first learnt to create stone tools, in turn playing a critical role in providing us the energy and nutrients to allow our brains to grow to the size they are today. Many researchers that our appetite for meat is what made us human.

This infatuation with meat shows no sign of slowing down either. Worldwide meat production increased nearly 5 times in the second half of the 20th century, and the amount eaten per person doubled. By 2050 meat consumption could increase by as much as another 160 percent.

((An important factor to consider when understanding food demands of the future is that as countries and their economies develop, as do their eating habits. Dietary trends show that economic growth, urbanisation and rising affluence result in change from diets consisting mainly of cereals like rice, maize and wheat, starchy foods or foods high in fibre to increasing demand for animal proteins, dairy products and foods high in sugar and fat.))

Animal agriculture is having a devastating impact on the global climate. According to the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Cattle Ranching has become the single biggest driver of the Amazon’s deforestation, responsible for around 80% as a result of surging demand for beef. The cultivation of livestock is the the worlds largest use of land resources according to the FAO, with 80% of all agricultural land being dedicated to the feed crops and grazing land; along with a third of the worlds freshwater being used solely for the cultivation of animal products.

With our demand for animal proteins showing no sign of slowing down, innovators have been working on solutions that may prove to be the end of our dependance on large scale animal agriculture.

This is Meera Zassenhaus. She is representative from New Harvest, a non-profit dedicated to funding research into ‘cellular agriculture’. So, what does this term mean?

Expert Interview: Meera Zassenhaus – Representative from New Harvest

Here’s what I spoke to her about:

• What is meant by ‘cellular agriculture’?
• Most promising projects that New Harvest is currently funding
• Why is this type of research not already financially supported? Where is relevant funding currently allocated?
• What kind of products can be created/replaced with this technology?
• The impacts of traditional animal agriculture
• What do you feel are the biggest challenges in trying to introduce non animal animal products into the mainstream? Is there resistance from the food industry?
• Is public perception an issue? Do the public have an issue with this type of food?
• Issues with scalability? How long before cellular agriculture becomes capable to entire populations?
• What is New Harvest’s vision for the future? Will our society one day move beyond the need for animal agriculture?

Although meat grown out of a vat may sound like an idea ripped straight out of Bladerunner (show clip of protein farm https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8i2XXoTshQ), researchers at the University of Bath argue that this may be less science fiction than it appears.

Expert Interview: Marianne Ellis – Head of Department of Chemical Engineering at Bath University

Here’s what I would like to discuss with her:

• Who she is and what the goals of her research department are
• What is meant by the term “cultured meat”
• What the process of creating cultured meat entails
• What are currently the barriers that researchers face in scaling up the production of cultured meat and when should we expect it be available at the consumer level.
• In terms of sustainability, what are some of the advantages of lab grown animal products compared to traditional farming.
• Public perception of cultured meat, is there resistance to the research?
• Given that the current coronavirus crisis and many other diseases throughout history have been as a result of animal agriculture, could a shift towards cultured meat potentially prevent against the creation of new zoonotic diseases in the future?

FILM TREATMENT

Intro
Video	Audio
Quickly cut together GVs that coincide with my off-screen narration: Clips of food being cooked, eaten, shots of food markets, shots of the vast fields of crops to show how agriculture shapes the environment, shots of food inspired art, shots of government debates etc.   Shots of food being thrown away, footage of rotting fresh produce to emphasise the “paradox of plenty” in the developed world. An aerial shot of a cake being cut, then the slice being cut again to match the line “slimmer than we realise”   Motion graphic of a line graph showing the sharp increase in the world’s population.   Archival footage of the industrial revolution and the first applications of large scale agricultural techniques.   Footage of a busy city centre and a sea of people, with the footage exponentially speeding up to represent the growth in population       Screengrab from the FAO report of future food demand, with the statistic quote highlighted with a motion graphic         Footage of barren fields as a result of rising global temperatures.     Footage of forests behind burned down to create land for grazing, shrinking rainforests and polluted water sources.         PTC in field close to sundown, with PTC ending with me walking out of frame then a time-lapse of the sun setting with a fade to black.	Fast paced music that matches the speed  at which the GVs change (Take Vox video for example, light and upbeat)   Off Screen Narration (Marked in blue): Food: It fuels our bodies, feeds our souls, changes the environment, inspires artists, influences politics, and impacts just about every part of our lives. Food is inseparable from the human experience.     We exist in a unique slice of history. The modern developed world no longer is faced with the issue of scarcity but instead suffers from a “paradox of plenty”. However, this slice may be slimmer than we think.   Over the last 100 years, the earth’s population has quadrupled. In 1915, there were 1.8 Billion people in the world. The dawn of the industrial revolution marked the birth of large scale agriculture, which was in large part responsible for this dramatic population boom. Today, the world’s population sits around the staggering number of 7.6 Billion; according to recent estimates by the UN. If current growth predictions are correct, we may reach 9.7 Billion in the next 30 years.   Current estimations, accounting for modern dietary habits and rates of wastage, see food demand to increase anywhere between 59% to 98% by 2050. A daunting task, and one that has to account for our ever-changing world.     Climate change is already having a devastating impact on our ability to grow food, with our current farming methods further contributing to this problem. Large scale agriculture is the second highest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and is one of the leading causes of deforestation, biodiversity loss and water pollution.   Piece to Camera (Marked in red): Over the next 15 minutes, let’s take a look at some of the bleeding edge technology that could change the way that we grow, distribute and consume food and could potentially provide the solution to the challenge of feeding the world of the future   Music fades out.
Food Waste
Video	Audio
Title Card Graphic “FOOD WASTE”     Clip of truckloads of fresh produce being emptied into rubbish pile   Graphic showing a size comparison of the UK and the amazon rainforest next to the land mass used to grow the food.     PTC of me holding the book for reference     Short montage of me acting out the scenario: leaving a store with 3 bags of food, getting in a car, throwing half a bag out the window, then arriving home cutting to a shot from inside the bin of me throwing the rest of the bag into it. Cut to black       PTC in same location as prior PTC       Footage from the Apeel’s media bank of the offices and the spray being applied.   Timelapse footage comparing the rate of decay between produce with and without the spray coating.   During interview, I will have graphics provided by Apeel of the cellular composition of the spray coating, along with relevant footage from their media bank.   PTc	Change to music track with a slower pace than the intro   1.6 Billion tonnes of food is wasted each year. That equates to a third of all food produced globally. The land used to grow this wasted food makes up an area 58 times the size of the UK, or almost 3 times the size of the Amazon Rainforest.   In the book Food Foolish, authors John M. Mandyck and Eric B. Schultz translate that statistic into relatable terms:   “Imagine purchasing three bags of groceries. While driving home, toss half of one bag of food onto the road. That represents the loss that occurs during harvest, processing and distribution. Arrive home and immediately toss the other half of the bag into the trash. That’s the waste experienced by retailers and consumers.”   While producing more food is vital to meeting future food demands, making more efficient use of the food we already have is just as crucial.   A company that understands the importance of this task is Apeel Sciences. The Californian based tech start-up has developed an edible spray coating for fresh produce that promises to dramatically increase their shelf life and in turn dramatically reducing waste by both retailers and consumers ((Interview with Apeel Sciences Representative))   Some example quotes that I would like to gather from this discussion.   “Our modern consumer culture sees food in such abundance that it just becomes disposable. If we want to make any real difference in addressing food waste, this attitude needs to change”- a comment on our current attitude towards food waste   “Apeel’s goal is not to change the way that we distribute food, but to make what we already have go further” –  a comment on what Apeel’s mission is   “We see Apeel’s presence in distributers growing massively, it just makes sense for seller and consumers alike” – a comment on the market potential of the technology     Closing this section will be a short PTC commenting on the findings from the interview   Music sharply ends
Hydroponics
Video	Audio
Title Card “HYDROPONICS”   PTC of me holding a handful of dirt in a field           Footage of large trawlers ploughing crops   Footage of ruined topsoil, made unusable due to over farming         PTC in the same field           Clips taken from the ISS of their hydroponics lab, along with images concept designs for farms on mars       Footage of large scale hydroponics facilities from around the world, showing a number of different types of produce being grown   Clips taken from Thanet Earth’s media bank of their facility and the process of harvesting and maintaining the crops   Interview with Thanet Earth Representative, cut with footage from their media bank   Short PTC in the same field.	Lo-Fi Drum beat   This is dirt. Well soil actually. And although it may seem pretty unremarkable, it forms the foundation for every ecosystem on the planet. Without soil, life on earth would begin to disappear pretty quickly. And it’s under threat.   According to the UN, intensive mass scale agriculture is responsible for a loss of fertile soil at a rate of 24bn tonnes a year. If this current rate continues, environmental scientists predict we could completely run out of arable soil in 60 years.   While many organisations are focused on tackling the issue of soil degradation, agri-tech companies around the globe are looking to a future without the need for soil. This is through the method of hydroponics.   You may have already seen this technology elsewhere. NASA have been growing food using this technology on the ISS since the 80’s, with hydroponics set to feed the first colonies on Mars   Here on earth however, companies are turning their focus to scaling up production to be able to feed entire populations. Thanet Earth is the UK’s largest hydroponics facility, spanning 220 acres over the Isle of Thanet in Kent, with the facility able to produce equal to roughly 12% of Britain’s entire annual production of salad vegetables.   ((Interview with Thanet Earth))   Some examples of quotes I would like to get from this discussion:   “Hydroponics has the potential to massively disrupt current models of farming, with yields and the variety in produce constantly expanding” – The potential impact of hydroponic technology   “As this technology grows more popular and the cost of production increasingly shrinks, we could see this farming method be adopted all over the world in the next few decades” – the expansion of hydroponic tech   “Hydroponics could be vital for feeding future human colonies on other worlds” – a comment on the use of hydroponics in the very far future   Short PTC evaluating my findings from the discussion.
Agricultural Automation
Video	Audio
Title card “AGRICULTURAL AUTOMATION”   Footage of different types of agricultural tools throughout history, leading up until now           PTC while sat inside a tractor, graphic overlaid over the shot to show the shrinking of agricultural labour in relation to economic growth           Assortment of gifs of AI from films and television   Footage of monitoring robots, computer screens analysing soil health and clips of satellites           Footage from Tortuga’s media bank of their facility, with demonstrations of the different tasks that their bots can perform   I       Interivew with Tortuga representative cut between more footage from their media bank                                         PTC from back inside the tractor	Music change, still lo-fi drum beat     The way that we grow food is ever changing. Throughout history, agriculture has been a primary driver for scientific advancement in order to address the needs of the times, from Roman Aqueducts to horse driven ploughs. And in 2020, this is truer than ever.   Statistics show that as countries develop economically, the percentage of the population that form the agricultural labour forces shrinks. When faced with the task of feeding an ever-expanding global population, this is a substantial obstacle and demands our means of production evolve.   Today, some of the most promising facets of this evolution has been the application of Artificial Intelligence, in a variety of ways, as an aid to traditional farming. These applications are numerous; from the use of robots programmed to harvest and maintain crop health, machine learning algorithms to detect soil defects or the use of satellites to predict weather and crop viability.   Tortuga Agtech, based in Denver Colorado, is a agricultural engeneering start up that has produced their own line of automated farming robots, able to complete the plant, maintain and harvest crops much more efficiently that their human counterparts with close to little guidance   ((Interview with Tortuga Representative))   Some examples of quotes that I would like to get from this interview:   “Shrinking labour force is not just an issue we will be facing in the first world. As economies grow around the world, this technology will become vital everywhere” – a comment on where this tech will be needed and a response to questions on outsourcing of labour   “Climate change is leading to more and more places around the world becoming unsuitable for human labour. It’s just too hot. That’s another reason for why automation is so important” – a comment addressing unsafe working conditions as a result of rising global temperatures   “A single one of these robots have the ability to do the work of 20 human workers, going full whack 24 hours a day. The increase in productivity is amazing” – a comment on how much more effective automation is than human labour     PTC of summary of the points discussed in the interview
Cultured Meat
Video	Audio
Title Card Graphic “Cultured Meat”     Clips of people eating meat of various forms   Black and white film clips of early man along with images of ancient tools   Graphic showing the increase of brain size       PTC with Graphic details the rising trend of meat consumption laid over the top.             Footage of livestock farms, showing various different types of animals reared for animal products   Footage of rainforests being burnt down to clear space for grazing land   Footage of animal feed and water being poured into troughs           PTC in field       Image of Meera, along with footage from New Harvest’s media bank       Interview with Meera, with footage used from New Harvest’s media bank intercut to match what she is explaining.   Short clip of the protein farm scene from Bladerunner 2049 without audio               Footage courtesy of the University of Bath cut with the footage from the video interview                                                         PTC in field     This section ends with a fade to black	Music change to lo-fi beat     We are a planet of meat lovers. Scientists theory that our love of meat dates back over 1.8 million years when early man first learnt to hunt and cook wild animals, which in turn played a critical role in providing us the energy and nutrients to allow our brains to grow to the size they are today. Many researchers argue that our appetite for meat is the very thing that made us human.   This infatuation with meat shows no sign of slowing down either. Worldwide livestock production increased nearly 5 times in the second half of the 20th century, and the amount eaten per person doubled. By 2050 meat consumption could increase by as much as another 160 percent.   Animal agriculture is having a devastating impact on the global climate. According to the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Cattle Ranching has become the single biggest driver of the Amazon’s deforestation, responsible for around 80% as a result of surging demand for beef. The cultivation of livestock is the world’s largest use of land resources according to the FAO, with 80% of all agricultural land being dedicated to the feed crops and grazing land; along with a third of the worlds freshwater.   With our demand for animal products showing no sign of slowing down, innovators have been working on solutions that may prove to be the end of our dependence on large scale animal agriculture.   This is Meera Zassenhaus. She is representative from New Harvest, a non-profit dedicated to funding research into ‘cellular agriculture’. So, what does this term mean?     ((Interview with Meera))     Although meat grown out of a vat may sound like an idea ripped straight out of Bladerunner. researchers at the University of Bath argue that this may be less science fiction than it appears.   ((Interview with a representative from the University of Bath))   Here are a few examples of quotes that I would like to get from this interview   “Cultured meat by far is the safest, most ethically sourced and real source of animal protein out there. Unlike other meat substitutes, it doesn’t have to try and emulate real meat. It already is ‘real meat’” – a comment on why cultured meat is so unique in the industry   “The impact of animal agriculture on our environment is massive. The work we are putting into cultured animal products will be of huge benefit to our world” – a comment on the environmental impact of animal rearing   “Although it costs around £7000 to produce a single piece of cultured bacon, as the technology develops this cost will constantly shrink. We could see the phasing out of animal products in our lifetimes” – a comment on where cultured products could be in the future     Short evaluation of the information provided by the interviewees     Music fades out
Conclusion
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PTC in the same field that I recorded my first PTC at the beginning of the film to give a sense that the film has come full circle.	This will be a short section where I give my closing remarks on my findings throughout the film, supported by the information that I have learnt from my interviewees.